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Don't pay taxes, save your money!
Bradáč, Michal ; Kemény, Irena (advisor) ; Gregor, Martin (referee)
Bachelor thesis "Don't Pay Taxes, Save Your Money!" focuses on the impact of the existence of tax havens on private and public sector. On the theoretical level, it shows the attractivity of tax havens for sufficiently large firms that can afford to pay costs of tax planning and profit manipulations. On the empirical level, it shows that tax havens are really the most successful jurisdictions in attracting foreign investors. In the end, two models of tax competition are introduced in order to describe the importance of tax competition for the whole economy. Keywords:Tax Haven, Tax Avoidance, Tax Competition
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A Competition on Market with Protection
Koubele, Jakub ; Gregor, Martin (advisor) ; Fišerová, Tereza (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to model a market with protection, where protection providers can compete for their clients by price competition, but also by military forces. Besides the analytical approach, we examine an agent-based computational model which simulate market with protection. We found out that ability of protection providers to take into account the long-term impact of their actions is necessary condition for emergence of tax competition, and we also described how various factors can influence behavior of protection providers. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Do Small Countries Outcompete Large Countries in Diesel Taxes? Evidence from the EU-16
Krotil, Kryštof ; Gregor, Martin (advisor) ; Šolc, Jan (referee)
This thesis investigates what drives the diesel fuel taxation policy of European countries and, in particular, assesses the importance of tax competition. Using panel data of diesel prices for both noncommercial and commercial use coming from 16 European countries between 2005 and 2010, we estimate the relation between countries' fuel price and a weighted average of the neighbors' prices and other control variables. Our results reveal that the tax competition among European countries plays a significant role in the setting of diesel excise taxes and that small countries tend to charge lower fuel taxes than large countries.
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Tax havens and their uses in international tax planning
Martínek, Ondřej ; Hraba, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Borkovec, Aleš (referee)
Diplomová práce Ondřej Martínek Abstract Tax havens are thorn in the eye of the OECD countries, nonetheless they emerged originally on europian soil and on the ruins of british empire. Classical accusation argues, the tax havens are supposed to earn on luring foreign capital that is enabled to evade taxation and by that they breach the balance of national budgets and tax justice in developed countries, enwiden social imbalance and speed up global tax competition. There are many forms of tax avoidance via tax havens: transfer pricing, holding structures, trusts, foundations or offshore business. Although many of these forms remain illegal, for certain other ones the states are the ones responsible for - e.g. generous web of double tax treaties. Global shortage to national budgets is estimated at around 3% of total revenues. Tax competition exists and global tax rates are in fact decreasing, however national tax revenues are, in absolute terms, rising. Because of this ambiguous effect on global economy and near impossibility to distinguish "real" tax havens, the developed countries are choosing rather careful policy to the tax havens and concentrate on negotiations and concluding TIEA's.
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Influence of the European Union activities against aggressive tax planning on enabling tax optimization by member states of the EU
Nováková, Markéta ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (advisor) ; Weiss, Tomáš (referee)
Jurisdictions around the world currently compete to attract mobile capital of multinational companies by providing them the most favourable tax conditions. Some EU member states actively participate in tax competition. Over the past decade, the European Commission has successfully enacted a number of measures aimed at preventing multinational companies from implementing aggressive tax planning schemes. These measures aim to establish fair conditions for competitors on the internal market and to meet the demand of the public and of the international community for suppression of aggressive tax planning. The theoretical background of the thesis derives from the field of Law and Economics, specifically by using the concept of transaction costs and means of Economic analysis of criminality. This thesis aims to answer the question of whether the new EU legislation leaves room for the member states to continue in allowing multinational companies to optimize taxes in the ways targeted by the EU measures. The thesis consists of two case studies, which evaluate the impact of the rules on known tax optimization schemes. The first one analyses the impact of state aid proceedings on tax rulings and the second one analyses the influence of the controlled foreign company rule on harmful IP boxes. The objective...
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Tax competition: strategic tax rate lowering and expected impact of US 2017 reform on other countries
Hamráková, Júlia ; Janský, Petr (advisor) ; Hájek, Jan (referee)
This thesis deals with an international corporate income tax competition with focus on corporate income tax rate spillovers from the past tax cuts in the USA. The main research question we seek the answer to is: "Do countries follow the USA in the corporate income tax rate setting?" Empirical models were evalu- ated using GMM model for the panel data. Our results confirm the existence of the tax rate spillovers, however, do not prove solid leadership of the USA in the tax rate setting. We found that countries which are geographically closer to the USA and OECD jurisdictions are more likely to follow the USA in the tax rate policy changes. Our research is unique extension to the previous literature dealing with this topic as it uses not only the weighted world corporate income tax rate in the model, but also the corporate income tax rate of the USA and therefore allows us to see the effect of the past tax cuts in the USA for other countries. The results of our work can serve as a lead for examining the impact of the US tax rate cut in 2017. JEL Classification F12, F21, F23, H25 Keywords tax competition, corporate income tax rate, tax spillovers, profit shifting Title Tax competition: strategic tax rate lowering and expected impact of US 2017 reform on other countries Author's e-mail...
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A Competition on Market with Protection
Koubele, Jakub ; Gregor, Martin (advisor) ; Fišerová, Tereza (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to model a market with protection, where protection providers can compete for their clients by price competition, but also by military forces. Besides the analytical approach, we examine an agent-based computational model which simulate market with protection. We found out that ability of protection providers to take into account the long-term impact of their actions is necessary condition for emergence of tax competition, and we also described how various factors can influence behavior of protection providers. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Economic Globalization and Tax Systems
Toman, Václav ; Schneider, Ondřej (advisor) ; Švarcová, Natálie (referee)
iv Abstract In this thesis on the effect of globalization on corporate income tax policies, we try to provide evidence that given the globalization-induced increased tax competition, countries are forced to lower their level of corporate income tax burden down to unsustainable levels or that they at least converge in their policies and levels of tax burden in order to attract international corporations through transparency. We find that no evidence to support such hypotheses is present in the OECD panel data of the last four decades with descriptive analysis, the general method of moments and the fixed effects estimation and we even find local evidence of an increase in the corporate income tax burden. Moreover, the OECD countries do not exhibit stronger convergence in their corporate income tax policies. Apart from the analysis of the general development of the corporate income tax burden, we find evidence that the level of tax burden is affected by the ratio of exports in the economy and correlated with the government indebtedness, outward FDI and the occurrence of the recent financial crisis. JEL Classification F23, F62, H25, H71, H87 Keywords globalization, corporate income tax, tax burden, tax competition, economic policy Author's e-mail vaclav.toman@gmail.com Supervisor's e-mail schneider@fsv.cuni.cz
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Do Small Countries Outcompete Large Countries in Diesel Taxes? Evidence from the EU-16
Krotil, Kryštof ; Gregor, Martin (advisor) ; Šolc, Jan (referee)
This thesis investigates what drives the diesel fuel taxation policy of European countries and, in particular, assesses the importance of tax competition. Using panel data of diesel prices for both noncommercial and commercial use coming from 16 European countries between 2005 and 2010, we estimate the relation between countries' fuel price and a weighted average of the neighbors' prices and other control variables. Our results reveal that the tax competition among European countries plays a significant role in the setting of diesel excise taxes and that small countries tend to charge lower fuel taxes than large countries.
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Tax havens and their uses in international tax planning
Martínek, Ondřej ; Hraba, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Borkovec, Aleš (referee)
Diplomová práce Ondřej Martínek Abstract Tax havens are thorn in the eye of the OECD countries, nonetheless they emerged originally on europian soil and on the ruins of british empire. Classical accusation argues, the tax havens are supposed to earn on luring foreign capital that is enabled to evade taxation and by that they breach the balance of national budgets and tax justice in developed countries, enwiden social imbalance and speed up global tax competition. There are many forms of tax avoidance via tax havens: transfer pricing, holding structures, trusts, foundations or offshore business. Although many of these forms remain illegal, for certain other ones the states are the ones responsible for - e.g. generous web of double tax treaties. Global shortage to national budgets is estimated at around 3% of total revenues. Tax competition exists and global tax rates are in fact decreasing, however national tax revenues are, in absolute terms, rising. Because of this ambiguous effect on global economy and near impossibility to distinguish "real" tax havens, the developed countries are choosing rather careful policy to the tax havens and concentrate on negotiations and concluding TIEA's.
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